Regarding the problems of early childhood care and education, what is important,
What was written by the expert was translated into English.
 

I'm the author of this article and I'm a qualified abacus teacher, answering questions from around the world online abacus and various questions from online-soroban.com students.

Table of contents

 

 

 

1. What is early childhood education

Early childhood education plays a role in building the foundation of personality formation. Despite everyone's awareness of the importance,

on the other hand, it was pointed out that there was a problem with free childcare in early childhood education,

childcare ignoring early childhood development, and the pleasure of childcare.

Current conditions such as unwelcome absenteeism and abuse have been observed.

Write about what adults should do to raise children and educate them in a warm relationship of trust, and to develop the

“heart that governs themselves,” which is the foundation of their personality.
 

 

2. The role of early childhood education

Infant early childhood education plays a role in cultivating the foundation of life-long human development Infant education is a form of grouping among young children, setting up an environment with educational intent, and abundant experience with the appropriate support of professional childcare professionals The role of fostering the fundamentals of human formation, which is the basis of the ability to live, is required by guaranteeing the opportunity for human beings.

Along with this universal role, the functions of homes and local communities are declining, so nursery teachers are also required to have a present-day role to support the home and work together to promote the mental and physical development of children.
 

 

3. Role to guarantee development tasks

The basic philosophy of thinking about a lifelong learning system is to guarantee developmental tasks.

Each stage of development (infancy, childhood, adolescence, middle age, old age) Year period), there is a unique issue that must be acquired.

Skip the task Jumping over or jumping over will likely cause some distortions in subsequent development.

The tasks at each stage In order to be able to live, it is of utmost importance to ensure a decent life at that time.

In early childhood and early childhood, confidence and autonomy are acquired, and in late childhood, independence is the challenge.

 

4. Issues in early childhood education

Lack of basic lifestyle
・ Insufficient communication skills
・ Lack of self-control and norm awareness
・ Decrease in athletic ability
・ Inappropriate for elementary school life
-Decreased motivation and interest in learning
・ Infants can demonstrate themselves, experience experiences recognized by teachers and other infants, and act with confidence To do.
・ Because we come to play in cooperation, we bring up the ability to act by oneself and with other infants, You can enjoy the fun of developing activities through trial and error and the joy of realizing a common purpose. To be able to
・ Insert each other's thoughts, experience a reconciliation, realize the necessity of rules, etc. To develop the ability to adjust feelings.
 

 

5. Issues to be emphasized in infancy

The importance of normative consciousness and respect for tradition and culture has been clarified. Have been.

Virtue education is to follow common manners and rules for people to live in society as people And morals such as caring for others.

In the kindergarten education guidelines, Cultivate morality, such as "experience",

"awareness of the necessity of rules" and "power to adjust one's feelings" The point was emphasized.
 

 

6. Issues to be emphasized in child development in infancy

○ Attachment formation
○ Gain basic trust in people
○ Formation of basic lifestyle
○ Acquisition of self-affirmation through full self-expression and acceptance of others
○ Enhancement of experience-based activities among children through play that spawns morality and sociality
"These tasks are based on the characteristics of childhood, which develop comprehensively through play.
Rather than picking up and nurturing only things related to “hearts”, in infancy, play enough.
It is important to cultivate an approach that is comprehensively nurtured."

 

 

7. Formation of attachment

"Attachment is a mother or main caregiver and child formed between the latter half of their birth and one and a half years.

An emotional connection called a bond formed between children.
Family ties include marital ties, parent-child ties, and sibling ties.

Among them, The basis of the bond between parent and child is the attachment relationship between the infants,

which can be said to be a limited edition of the bond between family and mother and child.

milk During childhood, emotional bonds (attachment) are deepened by being loved and cherished in a continued relationship with specific adults such as mothers, emotions are stabilized, and a sense of trust in people is fostered.

, Especially skin Is said to play a major role. Infants experience this confident mother-child relationship,
We will expand the circle of attachment to various people while building on our trust and affection for our parents.
In this way, attachment is formed at home, mainly in relation to mother, in relation to father It has been.
However, if the number of working mothers increases and the return to work after childbirth is quick, It is often formed with caregivers.
Nursery schools, especially for non-home caregivers Nursery teachers in Japan, often play that role.
Then, what kind of childcare should be developed in order for nurses to form attachments?
"Enhancing childcare during infancy Enhancement of childcare during infancy is the key to the formation of attachment. During infancy, the following kindergarteners desirable.
・ Take physical and emotional care
・ Being persistent and consistent in the child's life
・ Being emotionally involved with children  
Specified and the small number of nursery teachers are continuously involved in one child Building a close and continuous relationship with a specific nursery teacher is the child's health. It is derived from the attachment theory that it is important for proper development.

One child It is something that we want to avoid as much as possible is there."

 

8. Gain basic trust in people

The task that one must address in the earliest stages of life, or infancy, is gaining "basic trust."

Basic trust is considered to have two aspects: trust in oneself and trust in others. Eli According to Kusson, trust in oneself depends on the experience of moving one's body on one's own will.

In addition, trust in others depends on the imminent adults responding to their wishes and demands.

It is said that they are brought up by the experience of giving. In other words, gaining trust is not only an issue for infants.

It is a challenge that is required for a lifetime.

 

9. Formation of basic lifestyle

"Now, the catchphrase of "early sleeping, getting up early, breakfast" is being actively discussed.

Child If you move your body and life, you can sleep quickly with nature. I get up early and have a hungry breakfast.

Basic life in this ordinary home Basic lifestyle habits (meal, sleep, excretion, cleanliness, putting on and taking off) emphasizing school education mainly Have been.

This means that basic discipline in lifestyle, which can be said to be the basis of It can be said that it is a sign of being sparse.

Kindergartens and daycare centers are based on basic lifestyles raised at home, In a social environment such as this, a society of lifestyle such as self-restraint, It is a place where independence is achieved and independence becomes more certain.

"With the decline in education at home and in the community, As a result, children do not have basic lifestyles and social norms.

It has been pointed out that this is the background/factor of the subject behavior.

"Is indicated. From this, the basic lifestyle that must be acquired according to the stage of development is It is easy for children not to learn enough to lead to behavioral problems It is necessary to be firmly aware, and the formation of a basic lifestyle is one of the issues in early childhood education.

Here, we take up basic lifestyles that we want to focus on and describe our support.

・ Improve life rhythm.  With the diversification of lifestyles, the number of children who tend to be upset at night and have disturbed life rhythms has increased I have.

How important is the establishment of the rhythm of life for the child to grow up without being moved by the parents It is necessary to aim for enlightenment about parents through parents' associations?

・ Foster independence.  

Infancy is a period of self-reliance based on dependence.

The motivation of the child to do it himself It is important to value your possession and let them enjoy the joy that has taken place even when it takes time.

Such an experience will lead to the acquisition of all customs and confidence.

・ Develop awareness to follow the rules of the group.  Kindergartens and nurseries are places to live in groups.

To live comfortably together, Selfish behavior is not allowed.

However, in recent years, normative awareness has declined, In some groups, children are unable to listen.

A situation where this rule cannot be observed Some have pointed out how adults should be.

An adult who is a child model is required."

 

10. Acquisition of self-affirmation

"Acceptance experience” and “approval experience” are factors that promote the development of trust.

It is said that a child who has received it develops a sense of self-affirmation.

However, international comparisons show that Japanese children It is pointed out that low self-esteem is outstanding.

Adolescents tend to fall into self-denial or self-disgust from increasing self-consciousness and consciousness of others It is said that his feelings are lower, but since he was a child, "I run slower than A-chan."

Compared to other people, such as "I can't turn around" and "I'm not good at making", I can see that they deny themselves.

Childhood It is time to acquire polarity, and self-affirmation grows as you freely exert yourself.

"One sense of achievement leads to the next sense of accomplishment, and the self-affirmation that one can do is gained.

Of self-affirmation in childhood In training, we want to fully experience "experienced experiences" and "recognized experiences."

 

11. Enhancement of hands-on activities for children through play

"For children, "play" is not only the healthy development of physical functions but also various actual experiences through play And fosters "independence," socialism," and "creativity." Also, nourished through human relations It also includes factors that are indispensable for the child's growth, such as cooperativeness and solidarity.

Especially in early childhood, the senses work through play and receive various stimuli.

Through play exercise. Imagine and make things through play.

Learn how to interact with others through play Growing through play, such as playing. Recognize the importance of play and want to play at ease is there. However, at present, changes in the environment surrounding infants have been referred to as "between the three.

" The "interval" is decreasing, making it difficult to obtain play opportunities.

Also in kindergartens and nurseries In activities that are referred to as play, infants can freely express and play with freedom.

You can see childcare that is not done. I want to take care of the "between three"."

 

Overall  
First, let's build a solid foundation for mind and body!
"For the healthy development of children, how to raise them during infancy is very important. Early childhood education is an education that fosters emotion, motivation, and attitude.

Moreover, depending on the characteristics of each person's development This is an education that emphasizes teaching.

Emotional stability is attained based on each person's trust, "Someone always loves me."

"I'm an important person." And have the feeling that "you can be yourself."

Is important. In other words, early childhood education is about building the foundation of a house, It is clear that if the foundation is not enough, the floor above will wobble.

We value these things at home as well as in kindergartens and daycare centers and care for children It is important to build.
" Reconsider play and improve play!

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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